Knock down luggage

ABSTRACT

A luggage arrangement involving individual luggage units which can be easily assembled and disassembled at the will of the user without tools, thus minimizing the costs associated with manufacture, shipping and storage. This attribute makes it possible for the user to store the disassembled luggage units in a minimum of space, and able to easily replace broken or lost parts himself. Our invention furthermore encompasses the use of various types of luggage units, and novel, two-part locking fasteners usable in the assembly of our luggage, which can be separated and removed only by one having access to the interior of a luggage unit.

United States Patent 119 Guard et a1.

54] KNOCK DOWN LUGGAGE v [75] Inventors: Edward J. Guard; Robert F. Oliver,

1 1 Appl. No.: 33,644

Related US. Application Data [63] Continuation-impart of Ser. N0.v 669,459, Sept. 21,

1967, abandoned.

[52] US. Cl. ..190/41 R, 85/81, 190/58 A [51] Int. Cl ..A45c 5/10 [58] Field of Search ..220/318, 97 R, 97 F; 85/80, 85/81; 24/73 P, 73 D; 16/149, 150, D16. 13; 2l4/10.5; 190/41 R, 41 B, 41 C, 60, 42, 58 A 1 51 Jan. 16, 1973 9/1952 Trimble ..190/41 8 2,611,463 r 2,526,129 10/1950 Groesbeck' 3,019,486 2/1962 Stinson ..l6/DlG. 13

FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS 75,481 5/1961 France ..220 31 s 406,159 2/1934 Great Britain 1,574,183 7 1969 France ..ss so Primary Examiner -Donald F. Norton Attorney.lulian C. Renfro [57] ABSTRACT A luggage arrangement involving individual luggage units which can be easily assembled and disassembled at the will of the user without tools, thus minimizing the costs associated with manufacture, shipping and storage. This attribute makes it possible for the user to store the disassembled luggage units in a minimumof space, and able to easily replace broken or lost parts himself. Our invention furthermore encompasses the use of various types of luggage units, and novel, twopart locking fasteners usable in the assembly of our luggage, which can be separated and removed only by one having access to the interior of a luggage unit.

17 Claims, 20 Drawing Figures PATENTEDJAN 16 I973 SHEET 1 0F 7 INVENTORS AOBfAT K 01/1/51? [awn/20 J 60020 ATTO EY PAIENTEUJAH 16 1913 SHEU 2 BF 7 INVENTORS P036127 A OLA/12 ownRp J- GUARD ATTORNEY PATENTEDJAH 16 I975 SHEET 3 [IF 7 INVENTORS foes-er f. 04/1/52. LCOM/ABD .[6'4/420 ATTORNEY PATENTEUJAH 16 ms SHEET 5 BF 7 INVENTOR8 Rosa/er 040/62 [014/490 [60 420 KNOCK DOWN LUGGAGE RELATIONSHIP TO PRIOR APPLICATION This invention is a continuation-in-part of our earlier patent application entitled Luggage, filed Sept. 21, I967, Ser. No. 669,459, now abandoned.

BACKGROUND OF THIS INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention This invention can be categorized with hand luggage arrangements of a type that can be stacked together.

2. Description of the Prior Art The most pertinent prior art is believed to principally involve luggage units sold in more or less matched sets, with some such units being divisible into lesser comunits of either matching or contrasting colors, which be desired. 1

When in disassembled relation, the tops and bottoms of an entire set of luggage units may be nested, with the latches, handles and other hardware components restthe parts of our luggage units together in operative relaponents, but not to the same extent as is taught in ac- 4 cordance with present invention. Prior art hand luggage has been comparatively expensive inasmuch as it has always heretofore been dealt with as integral units, that are manufactured, shipped and sold as complete entities.

It is obvious that a great deal of time is required on the part of luggage manufacturers to assemble the top and bottom portions and the lesser components into finished luggage units, particularly when it is realized that a considerable amount of hand labor is involved in placing the hinges, latches and particularly the handle assembly in their operating positions. Not only does this hand labor drive up the cost of the luggage, but also a much larger expense is entailed in shipping the finished luggage than would be involved if the luggage components could be disassembled and nested together at the time of shipment.

With further regard to the manufacture of luggage in accordance with the prior art, it is to be realized that in assembling the various components into finished units, the manufacturer necessarily assumes the responsibility of all of the components being assembled in a properly fitting manner, which is to say that a late-discovered crack in a top or an ill fitting latch willnecessitate that luggage unit being removed from the assembly line and reworked, which of course drives up manufacturing costs.

As to prior art luggage unit in the hands of the ultimate user, such unit is in storage a far greater percent of the time than it is in actual use, and inasmuch as such luggage cannot be disassembled and nested for storage purposes, a comperatively large area is required in the home of the owner merely for luggage storage. Also, rarely can the owner effect his own repairs or part replacement on ordinary prior art type luggage.

SUMMARY OF THIS INVENTION as a luggage kit. Inasmuch as these components are ofa I standard size, it is of course possible to interchange components between like luggage units, thereby making it possible to easily construct assembled luggage To prevent an unauthorized person from disassembling our luggage units and thus having access to the contents, we have designed our novel two part fastener to be removable only by one having access to the interior of the luggage unit. This is made possible by the fact that we use a headed fastener having a pair of prongs that can be inserted through aligned apertures of two components to be joined together, which prongs, after passing through the apertures, tend to separate or diverge and thus lock in place. Although these prongs are thus self-locking, in a preferred embodiment of our invention, we use a lock button inserted from the interior or protected side of the luggage unit, that interfits or locks with the prongs of the fastening device. This lock button effectively prevents the prongs of the fastener component from being compressed into an overlapped relationship, as is necessary when the headed fastener is to be removed from the aligned apertures.

Other facets of our invention include what might be termed a rigid clothes carrier which is configured to be readily transported by an individual when assembled and filled with wearing apparel or other wares.'As in the case of the other and more conventional types of luggage units, the several components constituting the rigid, clothes carrier are held together by ournovel two part fastener, thus making it possible to readily disassemble the clothes carrier. Additionally, the clothes carrier when disassembled may function as a top and bottom for receiving and storing a number of nested luggage units, thus making it convenient for all of the family's luggage to be compactlystored in one location.

It is therefore a principal object of our invention to provide a knock down luggage arrangement involving components that can be readily assembled by the user into functional luggage units.

It is another object of our invention to provide an inexpensive, standardized luggage arrangement in that all components are injection molded parts, made by automatic machines, with no assembly of the manufactured parts being necessary until purchased by the consumer.

It is still another object of this invention to provide luggage units that when disassembled can be nested to minimize shipping and storage costs, with it being easily possible for lost or broken components to be replaced by the user.

It is yet another object of our invention to provide optimally sized luggage units for known volumes, such as of the storage .areas of particular automobiles,

thereby making it possible to place a maximum amount of luggage in such facilities.

It is yet still another object of our invention to make known a tow-part fastener for removably securing two I components together by providing a pronged member These and other objects, features and advantages of our invention will be more apparent from a study of the appended drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is a top plan view ofa typical luggage unit embodying our invention;

FIG. 2 is an end view of the unit of FIG. 1 illustrating the handle and latch units, and the optional lock;

'FIG. 3 is an end view revealing the appearance of the hinged. or bottom portion of a luggage unit, and the laterally-extending legs that may be used adjacent the hinge;

FIG. 4 is a cross sectional view taken along the lines 4-4 in FIG. 2, to reveal internal detail;

FIG. 5 is a fragmentary view to a larger scale revealing hinge details;

FIG. 6 is an elevational view of the rigid clothes carrier facet of our invention, showing the novel handle and arm loop arrangement for carrying;

FIG. 7 is a fragmentary view partly in elevation and partly in cross-section to a larger scale to reveal significant details of the upper portion of the carrier of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is an end view partly in elevation and partly in section ofthe arrangement illustrated in FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a view to a larger scale of the novel two-part fastener in accordance with our invention, this view being partly in elevation and partly in cross-section;

FIG. 10 is a view of the prong end of the headed fastener, revealing how the prongs are offset, and how they separate subsequent to insertion of the fastener through the aligned apertures revealed in FIG. 9, thus securing the fastener in place;

FIG. 11 is a view partly in elevation and partly in cross-section revealing how our novel lock button interfits with. the prongs of the fastener, thus preventing the prongs moving to an overlapped position requisite FIG. 14 is a view generally similar to FIG. 13 showing the selected optimum luggage arrangement in the storage facility of another type of motor vehicle, in this instance a Mustang;

FIG. 15 is a view to a larger scale of the handle portion of our novel luggage unit, revealing how the handle, optional lock and latching portions are held in operative position by the'use of a pair of our novel two part fasteners;

FIG. 15a is a perspective view of the two part handle receiving assembly, shown to a smaller scale;

FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view revealing the manner in which the lock strike assembly and the lock interfit, and further revealing the manner in which the strike components are held in place by our novel two part fastener; and

FIGS. 17a, 17b and reveal how the pronged member is brought toward a pair of components whose apertures are in aligned relation; how the prongs aremoved together into an overlapping relationship while passing through the apertures; and how the lock button is inserted onto the prongs after they have spread apart subsequent to passing through both apertures, with the lock button keeping the prongs in divergent positions, thus preventing unauthorized removal of the pronged member.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF LUGGAGE UNITS in which the luggage components are held in assembled relation by the use ofa number of such fasteners.

The bottom 11 and the top 12 can be constructed of high impact polyethylenes, polypropylenes, or other synthetic material capable ofbeing formed' by high production molding techniques, such as blow molding, .vacuum forming, injection molding, and the like. The preferable material is an ABS plastic marketed by Marbon Chemical Co. under the tradename Cycolac."

Although it is possible to choose a material suitable for both a top and bottom and the hinge component, so that the hinge could be made integrally with the top or the bottom, we have found the best hinge material to be polypropylene, and this may dictate the hinge being made separate from either the top or the bottom, and secured to these members when the luggage is to be assembled. Although our two partfastener could be made of various suitable plastic materials, we have found the best material to be nylon.

It will be noted that the corners of the top and bottom luggage components members are preferably rounded, with these members having somewhat angled or tapered side portions for ease in moldability and to permitall the bottoms and all of the tops ofa set ofluggage units to be nested for packaging, storage or shipping.

As previously mentioned, all of the components of a luggage unit can be disassembled, not only for reasons of storage but also because of the ease of replacement. The handle member 16 is attached to the bottom member 11 by means of a two part handle receiving assembly 17, that is disposed essentially on the interior of the bottom member, with only the handle-receiving bosses 18 of members 17 extending through apertures in the front of the member 11, so as to be directly visible in FIG. 2. Preferably the handle-receiving assembly 17 is made in unequally sized portions, as indicated in FIGS. 15 and 15A, with one portion adapted to contain a lock 14, and with each of these portions adapted to reside in a slight protuberance or bent out portion 71 in the front of the lower unit 11; see FIG. 16. FIG. 15 reveals the apertures in protuberance 71 through which the handle bosses 18 extend, and the lock visible.

We have made the handle-receiving assembly 17 in two portions to facilitate the insertion of the inwardly pointing portions 72 of the handle 16 into matching recesses in the handle-receiving assembly, for although the handle could perhaps be sprung" to an extent that the inwardly extending portions could be inserted into the recesses in the bosses 18 of the handle receiving assembly, it follows that a heavy loading of the luggage could likewise cause the handle to be sprung, which would of course be highly undesirable. Accordingly, we preferably construct the handle 16 to be sufficiently rigid that such a springing is not possible, with of course the separation of the handle-receiving assembly 17 making it easily possible to insert the inwardly extending portions of the handle into the members 17. As previously indicated, a pair of two-part fasteners 19 in accordance with this invention are utilized after the handle 16 has been inserted, for holding the two piece handle-receiving assembly 17 in the protuberance in the front of the lower member, in the manner indicated in FIG. 15.

FIG. 16 not only reveals some of the details of the handle-receiving assembly, but also reveals a protuberance 74 in the cover member 12 in which the lock strike assembly 75 is inserted in the top 12 of the luggage unit. The strike assembly includes a strike 76 and a strike fitting 77, held in place by a novel two-part fastener 19. A slot 78 is provided in the plastic handle receiving assembly 17 to permit the lower part of the strike 76 to pass through and engage the latching portion of the lock 14.

As is obvious, should the lock become broken or malfunction, or should the handle become lost during storage, it is but an easy matter to replace these with readily available replacement components, with replacement being no more difficult than separating the two part fastener or fasteners involved, inserting the replacement, and then reassembling the two-part fastener, accomplished of course without the use of tools of any kind.

The latches 15 shown in FIG. 2 are preferably of a rotary type, mounted in suitable flaps or the like, integral with the top member. On the rear of each latch member is a cam type or bayonet type fastener that interfits with a respective hole (not shown) in the front of the lower member 1 1.

It should be noted from the cross-sectional views, such as FIG. 5, that we have designed our luggage components to remove as much shear force as possible from the novel two-part fasteners 19. This is to say, the hinge member 13 is designed to have bosses or enlarged portions at locations where the fasteners are to be inserted, which bosses are located and spaced to coincide with apertures in the bottom and top members 11 and 12 utilized when the hinge is to be installed; see FIG; 3. Thus, by prearrangement, the bosses in the hinge member 13 physically extend into certain apertures in the top and bottom members opposite the handle portion, and therefore are available to absorb the separating force involved if the luggage is packed very tightly, or alternatively, to absorb the compressive force involved if weight is placed to cause the top and bottom to move closer together. It should also be noted that the legs 21 shown in cross-section in FIG. 5 not only serve to provide a steady base upon which the luggage can stand upright, but also these leg members are wide enough in the top and bottom direction in FIG. 5 to cause the force from the head portion of the fasteners to act through the leg and against the outer surface of the member 11 or member 12 as the case may be. One should endeavor to carry forth this basic boss and aperture concept at each location in the luggage where our two-part fastener 19 is to be used.

It will be readily appreciated that the body 11, the closure 12, and the hinge means 13 can be fabricated in great quantity, while keeping in mind the necessity of maintaining a preestablished hole spacing so that replacement parts will always interfit. Since the fastening components can be quickly installed to provide the hinge connection 13 between the body 11 and closure 12, as well as the other facets of the luggage, the individual parts are thus capable of easy and simple interconnection to provide what might be termed the completed luggage unit. This arrangement of course means that any needed replacement component may be readily purchased, which is a distinct advantage over prior art type luggage which, in the event of damage to one or more of the elements constituting the unit, requires either a purchase of an entirely new unit or at best an expensive repair job.

Moreover, in view of the fact that each luggage unit can be dismantled, it'will be readily appreciated that when the luggage is not in use, it is possible to nest tops, bottoms and components, thus greatly reducing the space required for storage.

It will be noted that each unit carries, preferably on the outer-surface of the cover 12, identifying indicia 20 which may be located in an inward boss provided on such surface. In addition, the end of the body 11 may be provided with a boss 21' having associated therewith a number or other suitable indicating legend providing useful information, such as identifying a particular automobile with which the luggage set may be used.

If desired, a pictorial chart may be incorporated for each size luggage set, illustrating in detail the loading sequence for the individual units. By virtue of the indicia 20 and the indicia 21, and if desired, complementary recesses in the bottoms and protuberances in the tops of the luggage units, it is readily apparent that it is well-nigh impossible to stack or position the units constituting a given luggage set improperly. Hence, there is no necessity to experiment or to distort our luggage in fitting it into a designated volume or location.

It is further believed readily apparent from the description that the individual components constituting ,the luggage unit, such as the body, closures, and components can be stocked in bins or on shelves in an orderly manner in retail outlets. This means that a person desiring an individual luggage unit of a certain size or a gage unit for converting such unit into one having a particular or specialized use. For example, a plastic insert for holding soft drinks or other portables could be snapped into position within the unit 10 by use of one or more connecting means 19 and a polypropylene strip generally of the type illustrated at 13. To accomplish such ends, the insert, regardless of its particular nature, would have apertured bosses so located as to match with apertures provided in the body 11 and/or closure 12. g

In order to demonstrate the manner in which luggage embodying the present invention can be readily utilized in confined or restricted storage facilities, such as motor vehicles, attention'is directed to FIGS. 13 and 14. These particular figures illustrate the mode of installation of our luggage in a Volkswagen and a Mustang respectively. Needless to say, upon proper determination of the optimum storage layout of other vehicles, the same concept may be used with equally good results.

A typical set of luggage in accordance with our invention may include eight luggage units, for example, which is the number involved in conjunction with a Volkswagen. However, for other vehicles, the optimum number of piecesofluggage may be larger or smaller.

The totalnumber of pieces .of luggage from which the purchaser may choose may, for example involve l differently sized items, and by way of further example, we could-make the top member 12 in several different depths, each interfitting with the size bottom member 11 that he has selected.He will ofcourse buythe hinge member appropriate for these top and bottom members insofar as length of hinge is concerned, and in all instances, all parties to the transaction will make certain that the spacing of the holes and bosses in the hinge will coincide with the spacing of the holes in the upper and lower members 12 and 11 adjacent the portion contacted by the hinge so that ready fits will always be assured.

Generally, we have found that available space can be used more effectively ifa larger number of smaller luggage units are utilized'rather than endeavoring to use the larger size units.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF CLOTHES CARRIER As mentioned, our novel luggage concepts include a rigid clothes carrier which is perhaps best illustrated in FIGS. 6-8 and such clothes carrier is indicated generally at 22. The clothes carrier is constituted by two mating portions 23 and 24 substantially U-shaped in cross-section and adapted to interlock along their free or marginal edges frictionally asdenoted at 25 in FIG. 8. Removable hinge means and associated fastening components extend along one long side of the carrier and latching and locking components and removable "fastening components therefor are arranged along the v opposite long side. Since these components are the same as. used with all other luggage units, they are not illustrated in connection with the clothes carrier. The dimensions of the carrier are such as to accommodate mens suits, ladies dresses, etc.

, However, our novel clothes carrier is capable of relatively simple conversion into a unit for housing items other than those of wearing apparel. For example a holder can be detachably connected within the interior of the carrier for holding rifles, pistols, golf clubs, a

portable display unit for salesmen, etc. Since the carrier is fabricated from rigid-like material and is capable of being readily separated into two components, each component thereof may be employed for various results. Furthermore, due to the rigid nature of such 3 carrier, any articles of wearing apparel which are housed therein will not become folded, wrinkled, etc., or dislocated, which, of course, is of primary importance for travelers. Since the components 23 and '24 are separate entities, it is possible to use one unit for male attire and the other for female attire.

As shown in FIG. 7, a molded bracket 26 is attached to the bottom wall of each of the components 23 and 24 by means of connectors 27 which are identical in mechanical detail to the two-part fastener 19, but which for example may be larger. Each bracket 26 is provided with a laterally extending arm 28 having an aperture therein and in which aperture is mounted a hooklike component 29 capableof sliding movement relative thereto. The bracket 26 further includes a vertical portion 30 and each free edge of the portion 30 defines a planar face 31 and when the components 23 and 24 are in the closed position as shown in FIG. 8, the faces 31 abut. The upper horizontal edge of the bracket 26 is provided with spaced apart projections 32 and depressions 33. The relationship, or that is to say, the dimensions of the projections and depressions may vary and the arrangement is such that the hooks of clothes hangers 34 may be hooked over the bottom wall or trough of the depressions 33. As is readily apparent from FIG. 8, the arrangement is such that a plurality of hangers can be positioned between two protuberances secured by the connecting means 27. The handle 34' is located in such a position as to be comfortably grasped by the hand, and when grasped, be in a well balanced position with respect to the arm strap or loop 35, permitting the individual to carry the carrier 22 with his v arm in a straight down position. Due to the rigid nature of the carrier, it may be rested, when desired, on a suitable supporting surface, such as a floor or pavement and thereafter raised with a minimum of effort.

Both parts 23 and 24 are provided with a rib 36 for stiffness and aesthetic purposes.

The carrier 22 performs several important functions in addition to those above mentioned. In the first place,

it is a portable container for clothes carried and mounted on hangers and second, the two components constituting the completed carrier, when'separated are usable as elements for encasing the nested bodies and closures of the complete luggage set.

It is also entirely feasible within the scope of the invention to provide the carrier 22 with inserts of desired character which may be detachably affixed thereto by our novel two-part connecting means, such as illustrated at 19 in FIG. 3. The variations of the basic structure are innumerable and such structure could be modified to carry clothing articles, such as shirts, shoes, underwear, etc., by suitably designed dividers or the like.

A retractable hook arrangement 29 for each component enables the individual components to be readily suspended from a suitable support, and either or both hooks can be used when the components 23 and 24 are in assembled relation. It will further be appreciated that the pronged fastener and the locking button utilizable therewith is capable of use in many different environments which require a connecting means which does not neccesitate the use of either conventional tools or specially designed tools for effecting the connection. This assemblage is a tamper-proof unit and can be readily assembled and disassembled by authorized personnel with a minimum of effort and in a minimum of time.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF TWO-PART FASTENER and a lock button 37A cooperable with the headed member for installation on the prongs to prevent an unauthorized removal or separation of the fastener. The interfitting and the separation of these two fastener components is such as to be accomplished entirely without the use of tools of any kind. The headed or pronged member 37 is preferably a molded nylon unit whose head 38 can be of any desired configuration, although a rounded configuration along the lines indicated in the drawing is preferred.

Extending from the lower side of the head are prongs that are basically disposed substantially perpendicularly to the head portion of the member, but normally divergent and mounted in a slightly offset manner as best observed in FIG. 10. After the prongs have been inserted through a pair of aligned apertures such as 45 and 46 in FIGS. 9 and 11, the prongs then normally tend to move apart to the divergent position so as to bring about a locking of the components 12 and 18 together. It will be noted that flat shoulders 48 are provided on the part of the prongs that move beyond the confines of the aperture farthest from the head, and seat on member 12 to form a type of locking action. The use of an O-ring is optional.

As will be noted from FIGS. 9 and 10, the prongs 40 may have flat facing surfaces 41 that may be brought substantially together in an overlapping relationship as shown in FIG. 17b when the prongs are to be passed through a pair of aligned apertures. The prongs normally diverge into the position shown in FIGS. 9 through 11, but because of a degree of flexibility, the prongs can squeeze together at such time as'they are to be passed through the apertures. So as to make the prongs essentially self-starting insofar as insertion into apertures is concerned, we dispose the tips of the prongs less far apart than the diameter of the aperture to. be entered, and we taper the outermost portions of the prongs as shown at 42 Thus, the portions of the prongs farthest from the head 38 form a configuration smaller than the diameter of the apertures through which the prongs are to be passed. When brought adjacent an aperture, the, tapered outer portions 42 contact the sidewalls of the orifices, and these contours cause the prongs to move together as pressure is applied to the head 38 to force the fastener member in the aligned apertures. Thus, after the insertion procedure has started, the prongs continue to move further into the overlap position as may be necessary for them to pass into and through the apertures. Thereafter, the prongs return to their divergent positions so as to secure the two components together.

Further, it will be noted from FIG. 9 that we bevel the inner sides of the prongs as shown in 43 in FIG. 9, thus to provide a V-shaped throat which merges with a substantially circular aperture 44 defined by complementary half-circular holes formed in the respective prongs. The purpose of the aperture has to do with the securing of the lock button in position, as will be explained shortly.

While the headed fastener member is quite satisfactory for securing two components together and cannot be removed from the inserted position by grasping the head portion 38, it is possible if sufficient force is exerted on the head by the claw of a hammer for example, for the prongs to be moved toward the overlapping relationship and thus distort sufficiently to release the fastener. It was to prevent such a possibility that the lock button 37A was provided.

The lock button 37A is also preferably a one piece molded unit of nylon that includes a body portion 50 having a pair of slots 51 and52 that are offset to the same degree as the prongs of the headed member; note FIG. 12. Located in each of these slots' is a semi-circular member 52A that is designed to coincide with the aperture 44 of the headed member when the two fastener members have been interfitted. Thus, when the lock button is pushed onto the prongs extending from the headed member, the prongs enter the slots 51 and 52, and the semi-circular member 52A moves upwardly along the bevel portions 43 and snaps into place in the aperture 44. Semi-circular member 52A is slightly larger in diameter than the throat dimension leading into the aperture 44. Bending must occur in the prongs adjacent to aperture 44 to allow 52A to pass through the throat and seat into aperture 44 to secure the lock button 37A to fastener 37.

At the. time the member 52A enters the aperture 44 at the end of the V-shaped throat, the nibs 53 enter the aperture 46 and 45 in the components being secured together, and tend to fill these apertures-Thus, the nibs serve to prevent the shank portions 39 of the'pronged fastener from shifting, and also prevent any sliding movements of the components 12 and 18 with respect to each other.

By virtue of the co-action of the button 37A with the fastener 37 there is provided an assemblage which when properly installed, is entirely tamper-proof and desired color so as to blend harmoniously with the color of the particular units with which such components are utilized.

As will now be apparent, our novel two-part fastener represents an important adjunct to our knock down luggage invention in that it makes it possible to rapidly and releasably fasten the components of the luggage together, and to be tamper-proof when the luggage is in the closed and locked position.

Although we are not to be limited to any certain material, we prefer to make the headed fastener member 37 of nylon, although in some instances it could be made of other synthetic materials such as polyethylene, polypropylene or a rubber type material. More latitude is involved in the lock button 37A, and although it also could be made of nylon, it may also be made of other synthetic materials including a wide range of plastics, or even of wood or metal.

Although we are not to be limited to the following dimensions, the components 12 and 18 may have apertures 45 and 46 one-fourth inch in diameter, and may for example have a total thickness of one-fourth inch.

For such thickness, we may prefer to have the shank portions 39 of the member 37 approximately one thirty-second inch longer, or in other words, the distance between the underside of the head 38 and the shoulders 48 have a distance of nine thirty-seconds inch. In this instance, the head 38 may have a diameter of nine-sixteenths inch, and the shanks 39 ofa dimension approximately one-fourth inch in order to fill up the one-fourth inch hole in the components being joined. The shoulders 48 can each have a dimension of say three thirtyseconds inches as viewed in FIG, 9, and the aperture 44 formed by the semicircles have a diameter of 0.093 inches, with its center being approximately 0.093 inches below the shoulders 48.

As to the prongs 40, they should have a side to side width as viewedin FIG. 9 of approximately that of the diameter of the head of the pronged fastener member, with such width being desirable in order to give suffrcient material to squeeze with the fingers when the member 37 is to be removed from the apertures.

In order to have the fastener member self-starting, the lowermost tips of the prongs 40 should be arranged to fit easily without squeezing into the apertures, the angle of the surfaces 42 should preferably be at a 30 degree angle to the longitudinal centerline of the fastener, and the surfaces 43 may each be at a 20 degree angle to such centerline, with the lowermost tips of the prongs in this instance being rounded with a 0.039. inch radius.

- Although the outer surfaces of the prongs remote from the substantially flat surfaces 41 could also be flat if the prongs are comparatively thin, we have found that we have a much more satisfactory fastener member 37 if we make the parts of the prongs nearest the longitudinal centerline as viewed in FIGS. 9 and ll of virtually the full thickness of the aperture to be entered, or in the instance of a one-fourth inch aperture, the prongs could each have a maximum dimension in the up and down direction in FIG. 10 of one-eighth inch, or else slightly less, as illustrated in FIG. 10. Such an arrangement of course requires a radius or chamfer to be put on the outer, or left-right extremes of the prongs as viewed in FIG. 10, so that they can easily pass into the apertures when they have moved into a sideby-side or overlapped relation. A one-eighth inch radius for these outer prong edges is preferred for use in one-fourth inch apertures.

We claim:

l. A knock down luggage unit involving a body member, an interfitting closure member therefor, hinge means by which said body member and closure member may be hinged together, and a plurality of easily-removable fasteners adapted to be installed in aligned apertures in said hinge means and at least one of said members, whereby a user can disassemble the luggage unit at will by removing said fasteners, the luggage unit further involving a handle member, with the handle member removably secured to one or the other of said members of said luggage unit by the use of a two-part handle receiving assembly, each portion'of said two-part handle receiving assembly being arranged to receive a respective end portion of said handle, and when said end portions have been so received, said two-part handle assembly being capable of being removably installed in one of said members by the use of a plurality of easily-removable fasteners.

2. A knock down luggage unit involving a body member, an interfitting closure member therefor, hinge means by which said body member and said closure member may be hinged together, and a plurality of hinge and luggage unit member, and a lock button configured to be secured upon at least a portion of said prongs,each lock button being disposed in each instance on the interior of the luggage unit, so as to prevent disassembly except by one having access to the interior of the luggage unit. I

3. The luggage unit as defined in claim 3 in which said body member and interfitting closure member therefor constitute a rigid clothes carrier, having garment hanging means therein.

4. A luggage arrangement for placing a maximum number of luggage units in a storage facility of a set volume and space, including a plurality of individual units of selected sizes, with each unit being defined by a body, a closure therefor, means for interconnecting said body andclosure, and'removable fastener means for securing hardware to said body and closure, said fastener means-being in the form of a plurality of headed fasteners each equipped with prongs that may be deformed away from normally divergent positions in being inserted through aligned apertures in said hardware and at least one of said body and closure members, and removable locking means for interfitting with said prongs and preventing same from being moved away from the divergent positions so that they could pass through the aligned apertures, said units being able to be disassembled at the whim of the user without the use of tools merely by removing said locking means and then manipulating said prongs so as to cause said fastener means to be removed from the aligned apertures.

5. The luggage arrangement as defined in claim 4 including indicia on each unit indicating the optimum position of such unit during the placing of the. units within the storage facility.

6. The luggage arrangement as claimed in claim 4 in which interconnecting hinge means are utilized, having pre-arranged apertures therein adapted to register with apertures provided in the body or closure, and said fastener means each have a head and flexible opposed prongs adapted to be lodged in each set of registered apertures, said prongs normally diverging to a greater dimension than the diameter of said apertures but upon the application of pressure to the head, the prongs moving into a side-by-side relation to enable the prongs to be passed through the apertures, said prongs thereafter'returning essentially to their normal position, thus securing said hinge means to said body and closure.

7. The luggage arrangement as claimed in claim 4 further including removable locking means utilized with each fastener means, each removable locking means having means cooperable with said prongs for preventing the withdrawal of the respective fastener from the apertures.

8. The luggage arrangement as defined in claim 4 in which said luggage units, upon being disassembled, can be nested together for conservation of storage space.

9. The luggage arrangement as defined in claim 4 in which said body and closure therefor define a rigid clothes carrier of a size to receive garments on hangers, said body and closure, upon being separated, serving as a storage means for nested components of smaller disassembled luggage units.

10. A luggagearrangement for placing a maximum number of luggage units in a storage facility of a set volume and space, including a plurality of individual units, with each unit being defined by a body, a closure therefor and removable means for detachably and hingedly interconnecting the body and closure, removable fastening components for operably associating hardware with said body and closure, latching components, and removable fastening means for operably associating said latching compoments with said body and closure, said removable fastening means being nonthreaded, headed members utilizing a plurality of normally diverging prongs of somewhat flexible material, said prongs being deformable away from a normal position in being passed through aligned apertures contained in said hardware and at least one of said members involving said body and closure, and removable locking means for preventing said prongs from moving back out of such apertures, all of said hardware and retluirin the use of any tool.

1. T e luggage arrangement as claimed ll'l claim in which said individual units and fastening components are molded from synthetic material.

12. The luggage arrangement as defined in claim 10 in which the bodies and closures of like size, when disassembled, can be nested for storage purposes.

13. The luggage arrangement as defined in claim 10 in' which hinge forming strip means are utilized, being equipped with a plurality of bosses adapted to fit into matching spaced holes in said body and closure, with fastening components adapted to extend through holes in said bosses to removably secure said hinge forming strip means to said body and closure.

14. A luggage unit involving a body member, an interfitting closure member therefor, a handle assembly adapted to be removably secured to at least one of said members, and a plurality of removable fasteners adapted to be installed in aligned apertures in said handle assembly and said one member, said fasteners each having prongs normally diverging to a greater dimension than the diameter of the apertures, but capable of relative movement so as to pass through such apertures, and a lock button for locking said prongs in a divergent position such that the fastener cannot be removed from the aperture in which it is installed until such time as the lock button is removed, said lock button normally being disposed on the interior of said luggage unit, thus requiring access to the interior of same in order that the luggage unit can be disassembled.

15. The knock downluggage unit as defined in claim 20 in which a portion of said handle assembly is a two part component arranged to be installed on the interior of one of said members, thus to form means in which a handle member can be hingedly secured.

16. The knock down luggage unit as defined in claim 21in which a portion of said two part component is adapted to contain a lock that can be utilized for securing said body member and closure member together.

17. A luggage unit involving a pair of mating portions of comparatively rigid material that are substantially U- shaped in cross-section, having marginal edges that can interlock, said mating portions, when put together, forming a carrier for clothes or the like; and a plurality of removable fasteners adapted to be installed in aligned apertures in at least one of said mating portions, said fasteners each having divergent prongs, and a lock button for locking said prongs in a position such that the fastener cannot be removed from the aperture in which it is installed until such time as the lock button is removed, said lock button normally being disposed on the interior of said carrier, thus necessitating access to the interior of the carrier in order that the fasteners 1 can be disassembled, and a handle on a lower portion of one of said mating portions, above which is a loop through which an arm can be passed, the arrangement of handle and arm loop enabling the luggage unit to be carried by an individual whose arm is in a straight-down position.

Po-ww UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 5/ v 69) CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION Patent No. 3,710,901 Dated January 16' 1973 InVentoI-(s) Edward Guard, 8-1

It is certified that error appears in the above-identified patent and that said Letters Patent are hereby corrected as shown below:

F- In Column 12, the first line of claim 3 should be changed to reflect 1 the dependency of this claim from claim 2. I

In Column l the second line of claim 15 should be changed to reflect" the dependency of this claim from claim 14.

In Column 14, the second line at claim 16 should be changed to reflect the deperdency of this claim fran claim 15.

Signed and sealed this 9th day of April 197A.

(SEAL) Attest:

EDWARD M.FLETCHER,JR. C. MARSHALL DANN Attesting Officer Commissioner of Patentfii 

1. A knock down luggage unit involving a body member, an interfitting closure member therefor, hinge means by which said body member and closure member may be hinged together, and a plurality of easily-removable fasteners adapted to be installed in aligned apertures in said hinge means and at least one of said members, whereby a user can disassemble the luggage unit at will by removing said fasteners, the luggage unit further involving a handle member, with the handle member removably secured to one or the other of said members of said luggage unit by the use of a two-part handle receiving assembly, each portion of said two-part handle receiving assembly being arranged to receive a respective end portion of said handle, and when said end portions have been so received, said two-part handle assembly being capable of being removably installed in one of said members by the use of a plurality of easily-removable fasteners.
 2. A knock down luggage unit involving a body member, an interfitting closure member therefor, hinge means by which said body member and said closure member may be hinged together, and a plurality of easily-removable fasteners adapted to be installed in aligned apertures in said hinge means and at least one of said members, whereby a user can disassemble the luggage unit at will by removing said fasteners, each of said easily-removable fasteners being a two-part fastener involving a member having prongs adapted to be inserted through an aligned pair of apertures in said hinge and luggage unit member, and a lock button configured to be secured upon at least a portion of said prongs, each lock button being disposed in each instance on the interior of the luggage unit, so as to prevent disassembly except by one having access to the interior of the luggage unit.
 3. The luggage unit as defined in claim 3 in which said body member and interfitting closure member therefor constitute a rigid clothes carrier, having garment hanging means therein.
 4. A luggage arrangement for placing a maximum number of luggage units in a storage facility of a set volume and space, including a plurality of individual units of selected sizes, with each unit being defined by a body, a closure therefor, means for interconnecting said body and closure, and removable fastener means for securing hardware to said body and closure, said fastener means being in the form of a plurality of headed fasteners each equipped with prongs that may be deformed away from normally divergent positions in being inserted through aligned apertures in said hardware and at least one of said body and closure members, and removable locking means for interfitting with said prongs and preventing same from being moved away from the divergent positions so that they could pass through the aligned apertures, said units being able to be disassembled at the whim of the user without the use of tools merely by removing said locking means and then manipulating said prongs so as to cause said fastener means to be removed from the aligned apertures.
 5. The luggage arrangement as defined in claim 4 including indicia on each unit indicating the optimum position of such unit during the placing of the units within the storage facility.
 6. The luggage arrangement as claimed in claim 4 in which interconnecting hinge means are utilized, having pre-arranged apertures therein adapted to register with apertures provided in the body or closure, and said fastener means each have a head and flexible opposed prongs adapted to be lodged in each set of registered apertures, said prongs normally diverging to a greater dimension than the diameter of said apertures but upon the application of pressure to the head, the prongs moving into a side-by-side relation to enable the prongs to be passed through the apertures, said prongs thereafter returning essentially to their normal position, thus securing said hinge means to said body and closure.
 7. The luggage arrangement as claimed in claim 4 further including removable locking means utilized with each fastener means, each removable locking means having means cooperable with said prongs for preventing the withdrawal of the respective fastener from the apertures.
 8. The luggage arrangement as defined in claim 4 in which said luggage units, upon being disassembled, can be nested together for conservation of storage space.
 9. The luggage arrangement as defined in claim 4 in which said body and closure therefor define a rigid clothes carrier of a size to receive garments on hangers, said body and closure, upon being separated, serving as a storage means for nested components of smaller disassembled luggage units.
 10. A luggage arrangement for placing a maximum number of luggage units in a storage facility of a set volume and space, including a plurality of individual units, with each unit being defined by a body, a closure therefor and removable means for detachably and hingedly interconnecting the body and closure, removable fastening components for operably associating hardware with said body and closure, latching components, and removable fastening means for operably associating said latching compoments with said body and closure, said removable fastening means being non-threaded, headed members utilizing a plurality of normally diverging prongs of somewhat flexible material, said prongs being deformable away from a normal position in being passed through aligned apertures contained in said hardware and at least one of said members invOlving said body and closure, and removable locking means for preventing said prongs from moving back out of such apertures, all of said hardware and fastening components being constructed and arranged as to permit cooperable and operable association with and disassociation from said body and closure without requiring the use of any tool.
 11. The luggage arrangement as claimed in claim 10 in which said individual units and fastening components are molded from synthetic material.
 12. The luggage arrangement as defined in claim 10 in which the bodies and closures of like size, when disassembled, can be nested for storage purposes.
 13. The luggage arrangement as defined in claim 10 in which hinge forming strip means are utilized, being equipped with a plurality of bosses adapted to fit into matching spaced holes in said body and closure, with fastening components adapted to extend through holes in said bosses to removably secure said hinge forming strip means to said body and closure.
 14. A luggage unit involving a body member, an interfitting closure member therefor, a handle assembly adapted to be removably secured to at least one of said members, and a plurality of removable fasteners adapted to be installed in aligned apertures in said handle assembly and said one member, said fasteners each having prongs normally diverging to a greater dimension than the diameter of the apertures, but capable of relative movement so as to pass through such apertures, and a lock button for locking said prongs in a divergent position such that the fastener cannot be removed from the aperture in which it is installed until such time as the lock button is removed, said lock button normally being disposed on the interior of said luggage unit, thus requiring access to the interior of same in order that the luggage unit can be disassembled.
 15. The knock down luggage unit as defined in claim 20 in which a portion of said handle assembly is a two part component arranged to be installed on the interior of one of said members, thus to form means in which a handle member can be hingedly secured.
 16. The knock down luggage unit as defined in claim 21 in which a portion of said two part component is adapted to contain a lock that can be utilized for securing said body member and closure member together.
 17. A luggage unit involving a pair of mating portions of comparatively rigid material that are substantially U-shaped in cross-section, having marginal edges that can interlock, said mating portions, when put together, forming a carrier for clothes or the like; and a plurality of removable fasteners adapted to be installed in aligned apertures in at least one of said mating portions, said fasteners each having divergent prongs, and a lock button for locking said prongs in a position such that the fastener cannot be removed from the aperture in which it is installed until such time as the lock button is removed, said lock button normally being disposed on the interior of said carrier, thus necessitating access to the interior of the carrier in order that the fasteners can be disassembled, and a handle on a lower portion of one of said mating portions, above which is a loop through which an arm can be passed, the arrangement of handle and arm loop enabling the luggage unit to be carried by an individual whose arm is in a straight-down position. 